4. Conclusions
In this study, engine performance and pollutant emissions from different blended fuels in types (ethanol, methanol and gasoline) and rates (3e10 vol.% methanol and/or ethanol in gasoline) have been investigated experimentally. The test results indicated that ethanol methanol gasoline blends (EM) burn cleaner than both ethanol gasoline blends (E) and the neat gasoline fuel (G); however, the methanol gasoline blends (M) confirm the lowest emissions of CO and UHC among all test fuels. In numbers, the M fuels show lower CO and UHC emissions than the EM by about 5.5% and 6%, respectively; while the EM provide lower CO and UHC emissions by about 5% and 2%, respectively, compared to E; whilst, the E give a relative decrease in CO and UHC emissions by about 31% and 14%, respectively, compared to the G fuel. It was also noticed that by adding more ethanol and/or methanol to gasoline the engine produces less emissions; precisely, the CO and UHC emissions at using EM3 (3 vol.% ethanol and methanol in gasoline) are decreased by about 17% and 10%, however, they became lower by about 35% and 15% at using EM7 and they became lower by about 46% and 23%, respectively, at using EM10, compared to neat gasoline. It can be also noticed that the addition of ethanol and/or methanol to gasoline at low engine speeds is not as efficient on decreasing emissions as at high engine speeds and, in turn, blended fuels are recommended to be used at all engine speeds but especially at high vehicle speeds (>3000 r/min). Finally, this study demonstrate that if we aim to get less emissions of CO and UHC and higher both volumetric efficiency and output torque from SI engines we should use M fuels; however, if we interested in getting a higher output power with a bit low CO and UHC emissions, but higher than M, we should use E blends; to get a low moderate emissions of CO and UHC as well as a high moderate volumetric efficiency, torque and power, we should use EM fuels.
4. บทสรุปIn this study, engine performance and pollutant emissions from different blended fuels in types (ethanol, methanol and gasoline) and rates (3e10 vol.% methanol and/or ethanol in gasoline) have been investigated experimentally. The test results indicated that ethanol methanol gasoline blends (EM) burn cleaner than both ethanol gasoline blends (E) and the neat gasoline fuel (G); however, the methanol gasoline blends (M) confirm the lowest emissions of CO and UHC among all test fuels. In numbers, the M fuels show lower CO and UHC emissions than the EM by about 5.5% and 6%, respectively; while the EM provide lower CO and UHC emissions by about 5% and 2%, respectively, compared to E; whilst, the E give a relative decrease in CO and UHC emissions by about 31% and 14%, respectively, compared to the G fuel. It was also noticed that by adding more ethanol and/or methanol to gasoline the engine produces less emissions; precisely, the CO and UHC emissions at using EM3 (3 vol.% ethanol and methanol in gasoline) are decreased by about 17% and 10%, however, they became lower by about 35% and 15% at using EM7 and they became lower by about 46% and 23%, respectively, at using EM10, compared to neat gasoline. It can be also noticed that the addition of ethanol and/or methanol to gasoline at low engine speeds is not as efficient on decreasing emissions as at high engine speeds and, in turn, blended fuels are recommended to be used at all engine speeds but especially at high vehicle speeds (>3000 r/min). Finally, this study demonstrate that if we aim to get less emissions of CO and UHC and higher both volumetric efficiency and output torque from SI engines we should use M fuels; however, if we interested in getting a higher output power with a bit low CO and UHC emissions, but higher than M, we should use E blends; to get a low moderate emissions of CO and UHC as well as a high moderate volumetric efficiency, torque and power, we should use EM fuels.
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