Consistency in leadership was the final factor used for sample stratification. Due to high turnover of principals in successful rural California high schools (we found that only two principals of the top ten schools had been in their positions for five years and five principals were new in the schools), qualifying schools had to have current principals in leadership roles at the school site for more than one year and have had impact on the previous year’s student achievement rates. From the remaining stratified pool of five schools suitable for this study, a purposive sample of three high schools were selected based on diversity of ethnic make up and proportions of English Learners