The relationship between depression and development of chronic illness among older adults is
not well understood. This study uses data from the Health and Retirement Study to evaluate the
relationship between depression at baseline and new onset of chronic illnesses including cancer,
heart problems, arthritis, and diabetes. Analysis controlling for demographics (age, gender, race,
education), health risk indicators (BMI and smoking), functional limitations (gross motor index,
health limitations for work), and income show that working-age older people (ages 50–62) with
depression at baseline are at significantly higher risk to develop diabetes, heart problems, and
arthritis during the 12-year follow-up. No significant association was found between depression
and cancer. Prevention efforts aimed at chronic illnesses among the elderly should recognize the
mind–body interaction and focus on preventing or alleviating depression.