Even though many countries in the Middle East are Islamic countries, each is unique. Big challenges come from the heterogeneous nature of their economies, geography, politics, and cultures. The region has diverse languages, cultures, and religions, although the widely practiced religion is Islam. Consequently, special options must be considered in the process of designing and developing advanced technology applications, such as mobile cloud learning. For example, the economies of the countries in this region are not at the same level. Some countries are very wealthy due to the oil industry, while others are poor due to their locations in an arid to semi-arid area (Jaatun, Zhao, & Rong, 2010). Therefore, a special blend of policies about technology upgrades must be made to ensure the underdeveloped countries can afford the costs. In addition, the technology levels of the countries in this region are not the same. Some countries, such as UAE, are more advanced than other countries, which are still trying to adopt the ever-changing technology (Al-Zoube, El-Seoud, & Wyne, 2010).
Even though many countries in the Middle East are Islamic countries, each is unique. Big challenges come from the heterogeneous nature of their economies, geography, politics, and cultures. The region has diverse languages, cultures, and religions, although the widely practiced religion is Islam. Consequently, special options must be considered in the process of designing and developing advanced technology applications, such as mobile cloud learning. For example, the economies of the countries in this region are not at the same level. Some countries are very wealthy due to the oil industry, while others are poor due to their locations in an arid to semi-arid area (Jaatun, Zhao, & Rong, 2010). Therefore, a special blend of policies about technology upgrades must be made to ensure the underdeveloped countries can afford the costs. In addition, the technology levels of the countries in this region are not the same. Some countries, such as UAE, are more advanced than other countries, which are still trying to adopt the ever-changing technology (Al-Zoube, El-Seoud, & Wyne, 2010).
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