Many of aircraft are leased
Many of airline functions are outsourced
Standardized aircraft types (i.e. Boeing 737) to reduce maintenance costs
Limited office space at the airports
Heavy emphasis on advertising, especially billboards, of offset the declining use of travel agents as the main source of booking
Heavy dependence upon the internet and telephone for booking
Small administrative staff
Minimized ground service (e.g. no VIP lounge, no baggage transferring service