What kind of exercise should be used to treat osteoporosis?
Moderate- to high-intensity weight-bearing aerobic exercise,high-intensity progressive resistance training and high-impact loading (such as jumping) increase BMD (primarily in the spine)by an average of 1% in pre- and postmenopausal women,51,52 whereas exercise such as low-moderate intensity walking alone has inconsistent effects on preservation of bone density.53 By
contast, significant benefits of exercise for the femoral neck are not proven.54 More robust exercise interventions appear to produce greater effects. Inclusion of weight-lifting and balancetraining exercises should provide the widest range of benefits relevant to fracture protection, as well as reducing muscle weakness, falls risk and depression, and increasing muscle mass and mobility. Whether these benefits translate into hip fracture reduction is currently unknown, but it is reasonable to use exercise for risk factor modification pending completion of such studies.
Conclusion
Henry Ward Beecher Theologian, preacher, abolitionist, women’s suffragist(1813–1887)It has been 120 years since Beecher’s profound acknowledgement of both the power of the individual to battle illness, as well as the role of the health care practitioner to summon that power when needed. These two forces, combined, have been the subject of prolific investigation in the intervening years, spanning such topics as theoretical models of behavioral change, selfmanagement of chronic disease, improvement of doctor-patient relationships, the role of social support, optimism, and positive affect on health and well-being, and lifestyle modification for the
prevention and treatment of chronic disease. Most recently, genelifestyle interaction, in which physiological adaptation to physical activity, diet, or other behaviors is linked to genomic variation,
and conversely, diet or exercise results in epigenetic modification
altering gene expression, has sparked enormous interest. Never
before have we had so much indication that our behavior and our
will are integral to our well being and resistance to disease.
What kind of exercise should be used to treat osteoporosis?Moderate- to high-intensity weight-bearing aerobic exercise,high-intensity progressive resistance training and high-impact loading (such as jumping) increase BMD (primarily in the spine)by an average of 1% in pre- and postmenopausal women,51,52 whereas exercise such as low-moderate intensity walking alone has inconsistent effects on preservation of bone density.53 Bycontast, significant benefits of exercise for the femoral neck are not proven.54 More robust exercise interventions appear to produce greater effects. Inclusion of weight-lifting and balancetraining exercises should provide the widest range of benefits relevant to fracture protection, as well as reducing muscle weakness, falls risk and depression, and increasing muscle mass and mobility. Whether these benefits translate into hip fracture reduction is currently unknown, but it is reasonable to use exercise for risk factor modification pending completion of such studies.ConclusionHenry Ward Beecher Theologian, preacher, abolitionist, women’s suffragist(1813–1887)It has been 120 years since Beecher’s profound acknowledgement of both the power of the individual to battle illness, as well as the role of the health care practitioner to summon that power when needed. These two forces, combined, have been the subject of prolific investigation in the intervening years, spanning such topics as theoretical models of behavioral change, selfmanagement of chronic disease, improvement of doctor-patient relationships, the role of social support, optimism, and positive affect on health and well-being, and lifestyle modification for theprevention and treatment of chronic disease. Most recently, genelifestyle interaction, in which physiological adaptation to physical activity, diet, or other behaviors is linked to genomic variation,and conversely, diet or exercise results in epigenetic modificationaltering gene expression, has sparked enormous interest. Neverbefore have we had so much indication that our behavior and ourwill are integral to our well being and resistance to disease.
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