The heat transfer to the vessel is expected to be governed primarily by the velocity and temperature fields around it. Figs. 4 and 5 show the steady-state velocity field and temperature distribution, respectively, around the vessel in the mid-plane passing through the rotation axis.
The velocity contours and vectors for the baseline model show the fuel–air mixture coming out of the burner holes, entraining secondary air, and re-circulating at the bottom vessel wall before flowing out around the vessel wall.
Velocity vectors in Fig. 4 show that the maximum velocity of