This negative downward spiral shows in the ‘Weak suppression and control of impulsiveness’, ‘Cognitive
dissonance in the fatherhood role’ and ‘Poor social sensitivity’ core-categories. A plausible conclusion is that,
the father’s impulsiveness and cognitive dissonance in the fatherhood role are key points of the psychosocial
characteristics of fathers who abuse their children. The finding also suggests that it is important for PHNs to
provide support to the mental dimension of fathers for a solution of the father’s impulsiveness and cognitive
dissonance in the fatherhood role, and it is necessary to squarely face this problem in our modern society.