More than a decade has passed since the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)5 and the Institute of Medicine (IOM)6 called for the integration of palliative care into ongoing medical management of children with life-threatening illnesses from the point of diagnosis to the end of life (Fig. 1). Since that time, models of integrated pediatric palliative care have been developed in which both curative therapy and palliative care coexist. As cure-oriented treatment options decrease, the role of palliative care increases. Hospice services are offered at the end of the continuum of care.7 In this model, concurrent care is defined as the introduction of palliative care principles at the time of a life-threatening diagnosis, with increasing support over time as the disease progresses that includes multidimensional assessment to identify, prevent, and alleviate suffering.8 These models have been supported by studies with adult patients demonstrating that palliative care does prolong life,9 is effective in improving quality of care,10 decreases hospital costs,9 and decreases caregiver burden.11,12 In fact, the American Society of Clinical Oncology has recently released a provisional clinical opinion based on available trials advocating the early integration of palliative care into standard cancer treatment for malignancies with high symptom burden.13 However, many challenges exist in the implementation of these integrated models including the economic limits of the current health care environment, the lack of necessary tools and skills needed by health care providers, and the misalignment of palliative care exclusively to end-of-life care needs. Despite the fact that palliative care is now widely recognized as a critical part of excellent care for children with life-limiting diseases such as cancer, patients continue to receive this care very late in their illness trajectory.