Wet ashing is primarily used in the preparation of samples for subsequent analysis of specific minerals (see later).� It breaks down and removes the organic matrix surrounding the minerals so that they are left in an aqueous solution.� A dried ground food sample is usually weighed into a flask containing strong acids and oxidizing agents (e.g., nitric, perchloric and/or sulfuric acids) and then heated.� Heating is continued until the organic matter is completely digested, leaving only the mineral oxides in solution. The temperature and time used depends on the type of acids and oxidizing agents used.�� Typically, a digestion takes from 10 minutes to a few hours at temperatures of about 350oC. The resulting solution can then be analyzed for specific minerals.
Advantages: Little loss of volatile minerals occurs because of the lower temperatures used, more rapid than dry ashing.
Disadvantages Labor intensive, requires a special fume-cupboard if perchloric acid is used because of its hazardous nature, low sample throughput.
4.2.4. Low Temperature Plasma Ashing
A sample is placed into a glass chamber which is evacuated using a vacuum pump. A small amount of oxygen is pumped into the chamber and broken down to nascent oxygen (O2 � 2O.) by application of an electromagnetic radio frequency field. The organic matter in the sample is rapidly oxidized by the nascent oxygen and the moisture is evaporated because of the elevated temperatures. The relatively cool temperatures (< 150oC) used in low-temperature plasma ashing cause less loss of volatile minerals than other methods.
Advantages: Less chance of losing trace elements by volatilization
Disadvantages: Relatively expensive equipment and small sample throughput.
Wet ashing is primarily used in the preparation of samples for subsequent analysis of specific minerals (see later).� It breaks down and removes the organic matrix surrounding the minerals so that they are left in an aqueous solution.� A dried ground food sample is usually weighed into a flask containing strong acids and oxidizing agents (e.g., nitric, perchloric and/or sulfuric acids) and then heated.� Heating is continued until the organic matter is completely digested, leaving only the mineral oxides in solution. The temperature and time used depends on the type of acids and oxidizing agents used.�� Typically, a digestion takes from 10 minutes to a few hours at temperatures of about 350oC. The resulting solution can then be analyzed for specific minerals.Advantages: Little loss of volatile minerals occurs because of the lower temperatures used, more rapid than dry ashing.Disadvantages Labor intensive, requires a special fume-cupboard if perchloric acid is used because of its hazardous nature, low sample throughput.4.2.4. Low Temperature Plasma AshingA sample is placed into a glass chamber which is evacuated using a vacuum pump. A small amount of oxygen is pumped into the chamber and broken down to nascent oxygen (O2 � 2O.) by application of an electromagnetic radio frequency field. The organic matter in the sample is rapidly oxidized by the nascent oxygen and the moisture is evaporated because of the elevated temperatures. The relatively cool temperatures (< 150oC) used in low-temperature plasma ashing cause less loss of volatile minerals than other methods.Advantages: Less chance of losing trace elements by volatilizationDisadvantages: Relatively expensive equipment and small sample throughput.
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