Diagnostic characters: Small or moderate-sized clupeoid fishes (10 to 20 cm standard length,
sometimes larger) characterized by a usually prominent pig-like snout projecting beyond tip of
lower jaw; lower jaw almost always long, slender and underslung, its articulation posterior to
vertical through posterior margin of eye, and usually to a point well beyond posterior margin of eye.
Typically, with 2 supramaxillae. Jaw teeth usually small or minute (canine-like in Lycothrissa). Eyes
large, with adipose eyelid completely covering eyes. Gill rakers usually short and not numerous in
Indo-Pacific genera. Pelvic scute with ascending lateral arms always present; most Indo-Pacific
species with pre- and often postpelvic scutes, and with a small spine-like scute immediately
anterior to dorsal-fin origin (Engraulis and Encrasicholina lack such scutes). Dorsal fin single, short,
and usually near midpoint of body (far forward in Coilia); no adipose fin; pectoral fins set low on body
(with 5 to 19 free, unbranched upper fin rays in Coilia); pelvic fins anterior to, equal with, or posterior to the
vertical through dorsal-fin base; pelvic fins with i unbranched and 6 branched soft fin rays (except
Coilia ramcarati with i unbranched and 8 or 9 branched soft fin rays); anal fin usually moderate (about
15 to 25 soft fin rays), but long in Thryssa (to 50 fin rays), Setipinna (to 80 fin rays), and Coilia (to over 100
fin rays). Scales cycloid, moderate, about 30 to 60 in lateral series, with posterior striae or striations,
very often shed upon capture. Colour: typically, dorsum blue-green and flanks silvery (sometimes with
distinct silver stripe or with diffuse dark saddle on nape); fins hyaline or faint yellow, sometimes chrome or
orange, as also the mouth and/or gill cavity; sometimes with black markings on fin tips or margins, or on
body just posterior to gill opening, but apparently no species with black spots on flanks (as in clupeids).
Diagnostic characters: Small or moderate-sized clupeoid fishes (10 to 20 cm standard length,sometimes larger) characterized by a usually prominent pig-like snout projecting beyond tip oflower jaw; lower jaw almost always long, slender and underslung, its articulation posterior tovertical through posterior margin of eye, and usually to a point well beyond posterior margin of eye.Typically, with 2 supramaxillae. Jaw teeth usually small or minute (canine-like in Lycothrissa). Eyeslarge, with adipose eyelid completely covering eyes. Gill rakers usually short and not numerous inIndo-Pacific genera. Pelvic scute with ascending lateral arms always present; most Indo-Pacificspecies with pre- and often postpelvic scutes, and with a small spine-like scute immediatelyanterior to dorsal-fin origin (Engraulis and Encrasicholina lack such scutes). Dorsal fin single, short,and usually near midpoint of body (far forward in Coilia); no adipose fin; pectoral fins set low on body(with 5 to 19 free, unbranched upper fin rays in Coilia); pelvic fins anterior to, equal with, or posterior to thevertical through dorsal-fin base; pelvic fins with i unbranched and 6 branched soft fin rays (exceptCoilia ramcarati with i unbranched and 8 or 9 branched soft fin rays); anal fin usually moderate (about15 to 25 soft fin rays), but long in Thryssa (to 50 fin rays), Setipinna (to 80 fin rays), and Coilia (to over 100fin rays). Scales cycloid, moderate, about 30 to 60 in lateral series, with posterior striae or striations,very often shed upon capture. Colour: typically, dorsum blue-green and flanks silvery (sometimes withdistinct silver stripe or with diffuse dark saddle on nape); fins hyaline or faint yellow, sometimes chrome ororange, as also the mouth and/or gill cavity; sometimes with black markings on fin tips or margins, or onbody just posterior to gill opening, but apparently no species with black spots on flanks (as in clupeids).
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