This study uses daily sales data of banana measured in kilograms
from a typical food retail store as a case study from January
2010 to April 2014. The selected food retail store is in Lower
Bavaria (Germany), close to upper Austrian border. The banana is
selected a perishable food for this study because of its short shelflife
(2–4 days) and its availability throughout the year. Fig. 2
illustrates the daily sales data of banana for 2013 in time series
plot. The mean sales per day is about 64 kg (Kg). This time series is
highly periodic, but it is difficult to observe the seasonal patterns.
The seasonal variability can be investigated by analyzing the
impact of day-of-the-week and month-of-the year seasonalities on
daily sales data. In addition to these effects, there are holiday
effect, promotional effect, discount effect and weather effect. As
mentioned in Section 2.2, this study attempts to assimilate all the
effects of the demand influencing factors. Nonetheless, the effects