Direct exposure of ovalbumin (OVA)-primed murine splenocytes to OPS enhanced the cell metabolic activity and proliferation, and the expression of T helper (Th)1 signature
cytokine and transcription factor, namely interferon (IFN)-g
and T-bet, respectively. By contrast, OPS attenuated the
expression of the Th2 cell-related cytokine interleukin (IL)-4