Activities of LipBL and variants were measured at pH 2.0–12.0 using p-NP caprylate as substrate. Control reactions were carried out without addition of enzyme, and their average value was subtracted from each measurement. The maximal activity of each enzyme was considered to be 100 %. Sodium acetate buffer (25 mM) was used for the pH range 2.0–6.0, 25 mM sodium phosphate buffer for pH 6.0–8.0 and 25 mM sodium bicarbonate buffer for pH 8.0–12.0