Complex data structures
• Combining several polygon networks by intersection & overlay is difficult; uses considerable computer power
• Display & plotting often time consuming and expensive; especially high quality drawings, coloring, and shading
• Spatial analysis within basic units such as polygons is impossible without extra data because they are considered to be internally homogeneous
• Simulation modeling of processes of spatial interaction over paths not defined by explicit topology is more difficult than with raster structures because each spatial entity has a different shape & form.