The induced physiological
changes of plants in response to herbivores
and pathogens are well studied and result from complex
defense signaling networks regulated by the plant
hormones jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA). In
general, the JA pathway is activated in response to
herbivores and regulates production of compounds
that impair digestion (Chen et al., 2005, 2007) and of
induced plant volatiles that attract natural enemies
(Turlings et al., 1990) and repel ovipositing moths (De
Moraes et al., 2001).