Concerns over the energy crises and environmental restrictionshave increased the development and use of non-petroleum-basedrenewable fuels. Vegetable oils are one alternative being consid-ered for the production of renewable and domestically producedfuels. It has been shown that their use can result in substantialreductions of CO, unburned hydrocarbon, and particulate matter
emissions [1]. However, vegetable oils have very high viscosities,low volatilities, and often freeze at low temperatures. Thus, thelong-term use of neat vegetable oils causes engine durability prob-lems such as coking of injector nozzles and sticking of piston rings[2].One approach to improving the utilization of vegetable oil-based fuels is mixing it with conventional diesel fuel. However,these blends fall short of meeting goals of energy self-sufficiency.Cracking and refining are effective in upgrading vegetable oils,but add considerably to the expenses and negate direct utilization.Transesterification with alcohol to produce fatty acid methyl ester(FAME) also known as biodiesel yields a fuel with lower viscosity