in the southeastern U.S. is limited to five to seven of the warmest months. Therefore, outdoor spawning is not practical. The use of indoor hatcheries to spawn adults and rear juveniles during the winter months is the most practical and economical method in the U.S. Mature adults moved into hatcheries during late fall can be spawned during the winter. Young from these spawns can be reared indoors using natural and formulated feeds, then stocked into grow-out ponds the following spring. Stocking a one acre growout pond, at 10,000 to 12,000 juveniles per acre, will require approx-imately 70 adult females and 25 adult males (considering spawning and survival rates).