As a consequence of this partial IFRS adoption, in spite of a full, de jure, harmonization for what concerns
consolidated accounts of listed companies, local GAAP continue to be used in many countries for individual
accounts and by unlisted companies, leading to the emergence of a “two standard” system, as described in Larson
and Street (2004a and 2004b). By analyzing the results of the report “GAAP Convergence 200 ”, the authors
pointed out that the link between tax and financial reporting and the complicated nature of certain IFRS represented
the main obstacles to a full accounting harmonization.