Causes of Physical Illness- natural causes, improper die and eating habits, exposure to cold air/winds. Unnatural or supernatural causes: god’s punishment for not living according to God’s will, work of the devil, spell.
Cause of genetic defect- God’s will. Some variations noted with level of education.
Sick role- illness means that roles cannot be fulfilled. Attention to family expected but independence maintained.
(Locks & Boateng ,2008)