In most previous experiments with conventional sealed chamber methods (cf. lkeda et aL 2000). the swimming activities of small fishes and cephalopods were uncontrolled, and the metabolic data derived from the methods may approach routine rates (Torres et al., 1979; Torres and Somero. 1988; Bishop et al., 2000; lkeda et al., 2000). targe epipelagic fishes and cephalopods are active swimmers, and the effect of swimming activity on their metabolic rates in terms of “factorial aerobic scope‘ (the ratio of active nietabolism to slandarcl metabolism) is greater than in small-sized ones (Killen
ct al.. 2007).