in the vicinity of the thyroid gland. The presence of previous diseased areas of the thyroid, such as goiter or adenomata, which are especially prevalent in females, is a predisposing factor to infection [8,15]. In recent series of ST approximately a quarter of the patients were immunocompromised; half of these had HIV [4,6]. The majority of fungal infections are found in diabetic and immunocompromised individuals (mostly HIV and leukemia).