Guayule (Parthenium argentatum), a shrub native to the Chihuahuan desert of Texas and Mexico, is an important alternative crop for the rubber industry. Guayule's rubber is distinct from Hevea brasiliensis rubber due to its composition (higher lipid and lower protein content), distinct macromolecular structure (linear not branched polymers), and its hypoallergenic properties (latex allergy causing proteins are absent). H. brasiliensis latex allergy affects millions of people in the general population, along with a large percentage of health care workers ( Katrancha and Harshberger, 2012). There are synthetic alternatives for medical device products, but they are not as high in performance as natural rubber latex. The major limitation for the commercial production of guayule is its low latex yield. Strategies to improve latex yield by conventional breeding have been slow due to its physiological immaturity for the first 2 years. Therefore, genetic engineering approaches in guayule may provide a more rapid route for enhancing latex yield.