abstract
Implant-associated infections (IAIs) may be prevented by providing antibacterial properties to the
implant surface prior to implantation. Using a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) technique, we produced
porous TiO2 coatings bearing various concentrations of Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) (designated as
0 Ag, 0.3 Ag and 3.0 Ag) on a Ti–6Al–7Nb biomedical alloy. This study investigates the cytotoxicity of
these coatings using a human osteoblastic cell line (SV-HFO) and evaluates their bactericidal activity
against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The release of Ag and the total amount of
Ag in the coatings were determined using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry technique
(GF-AAS) and flame-AAS, respectively. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the AlamarBlue assay coupled
with the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of seeded cells and by fluorescence microscopy
examination of the actin cytoskeleton and nuclei after 48 h of incubation. Antibacterial activity was
assessed quantitatively using a direct contact assay. AlamarBlue viability assay, SEM and fluorescence
microscopy observation of the SV-HFO cells showed no toxicity for 0 Ag and 0.3 Ag specimens, after 2,
5 and 7 days of culture, while 3.0 Ag surfaces appeared to be extremely cytotoxic. All Ag-bearing surfaces
had good antibacterial activity, whereas Ag-free coatings showed an increase in bacterial numbers. Our
results show that the 0.3 Ag coatings offer conditions for optimum cell growth next to antibacterial properties,
which makes them extremely useful for the development of new antibacterial dental and orthopedic
implants.
abstractImplant-associated infections (IAIs) may be prevented by providing antibacterial properties to theimplant surface prior to implantation. Using a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) technique, we producedporous TiO2 coatings bearing various concentrations of Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) (designated as0 Ag, 0.3 Ag and 3.0 Ag) on a Ti–6Al–7Nb biomedical alloy. This study investigates the cytotoxicity ofthese coatings using a human osteoblastic cell line (SV-HFO) and evaluates their bactericidal activityagainst methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The release of Ag and the total amount ofAg in the coatings were determined using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry technique(GF-AAS) and flame-AAS, respectively. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the AlamarBlue assay coupledwith the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of seeded cells and by fluorescence microscopyexamination of the actin cytoskeleton and nuclei after 48 h of incubation. Antibacterial activity wasassessed quantitatively using a direct contact assay. AlamarBlue viability assay, SEM and fluorescencemicroscopy observation of the SV-HFO cells showed no toxicity for 0 Ag and 0.3 Ag specimens, after 2,5 and 7 days of culture, while 3.0 Ag surfaces appeared to be extremely cytotoxic. All Ag-bearing surfaceshad good antibacterial activity, whereas Ag-free coatings showed an increase in bacterial numbers. Ourresults show that the 0.3 Ag coatings offer conditions for optimum cell growth next to antibacterial properties,which makes them extremely useful for the development of new antibacterial dental and orthopedicimplants.
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