Least squares means, protected by significant Ftests, were compared using t-tests. An α of P < 0.05 was considered significant and P < 0.06 < P < 0.10 was a tendency. Gilts removed before producing 1, 2, or 3 litters were considered as missing values for calculating individual parity data. Gilts that were culled before completing 3 parities were considered to have produced zero pigs in each parity not completed for calculation of total pigs born, born alive, and net weaned over parities 1 to 3.