The reverse logistics channels used for recycling differ in several respects from forward logistics flows. Reverse logistics or reverse distribution is the movement of goods from a consumer towards a producer in a channel of distribution. A survey of current literature and interviews with state government officials and recycling
companies provide the foundation for developing a framework of the reverse logistics channels used for recycling. The reverse channel begins with the initial collection and storage of recyclable material. Types of channel members include: 1. municipalities, 2. joint ventures, 3. material recovery facilities, 4. brokers, 5.intermediate processors, and 6. end users. Functions of the reverse logistics channel include: 1. collection, 2.
sorting, 3. storage, 4. transport, 5. compaction, shredding, or densification, 6. communication with buyers, 7.processing or filtration, and 8. retromanufacturing. Differing product characteristics, extensive handling, and low density shipments pose considerable obstacles to establishing an efficient reverse channel for recyclable
commodities.