_ Fascism
In the 1920s and 1930s, there arose a political movement, fascism , which did not hang
together well as ideology, but was rather more a style of politics and a popular movement.
Adolf Hitler in Germany, Benito Mussolini in Italy, and Francisco Franco in Spain
established fascist regimes at this time. Fascists did not generally write elaborations of
their theory, because among other things, they despised intellectualism and ideology.
Accordingly, most analysts of fascism as an ideology have looked mainly at what fascists
did. The essence of fascism seems to have been a rejection of most institutions of modern
life, combined with a national rebirth focused on a charismatic, dictatorial leader