The functional effects of lipase (0.003 and 0.006 g/100 g of flour) and emulsifier (0.5 and 1 g/100 g of
flour) on fat-replaced (0%, 50% and 70%) batters and cakes with inulin (0, 7.5 and 10 g/100 g/of flour,
respectively) were studied. Emulsifier addition significantly lowered the relative density of the batter.
Emulsifier incorporation increased the viscoelastic properties of the batter. In contrast, lipase incorporation
decreased the degree of system structuring. The evolution of the dynamic moduli and complex
viscosity with rising temperatures were studied. Batters with 1 g/100 g emulsifier displayed a significantly
lower complex viscosity during heating, resulting in collapsed cakes. Differential scanning calorimetry
results revealed that the thermal setting in the control cakes occurred at higher temperatures,
and accordingly, greater cake expansion was observed. Cakes with 0.003 g/100 g lipase or 0.5 g/100 g
emulsifier displayed volume and crumb cell structure that were similar to those of control cakes. Higher
concentrations of both improvers gave rise to cakes with lower volume, higher hardness and lower
springiness. During storage time, cakes with lipase displayed lower hardness. Both improvers, at low
concentrations, could improve certain physical characteristics, such as crumb structure, of fat-replaced
cakes with inulin.