Fish
The abundance and diversity of native fish can indicate the condition of a waterway not just where they are found during sampling.
Use fish monitoring to provide a bigger picture of waterway because unlike most water bound macro-invertebrates,
fish do not tend to stay in one small localized area where they were born, but move within a waterway.
They also have a longer life cycle, one that tends to span more than one season.
They can be affected not only by water quality, but also changes to flow of water,
and obstructions or restrictions to their movement along a waterway.
Therefore the presence or absence of certain species of fish at a site indicates something about conditions in the waterway over the lifespan of that species.