3.2. Chemical and physical characteristics
The chemical composition of the cow milk used in the production of synbiotic ice cream was: pH 6.60 ± 0.01, titratable acidity 6.55 ± 0.02 SH, dry matter 12.09 ± 0.05% and fat 3.20 ± 0.10%. The dry matter and fat content of the ice cream mixture was:38.50 ± 0.15% and 8.10 ± 0.05%, respectively. The overrun value was 95 ± 5.0. The shape of beads was spherical and their mean diameter was 17.80 ± 3.55 lm (Homayouni et al., 2007b). Sheu, Marshall, and Heymann (1993) reported that a mean diameter of30 lm was desirable for use in frozen dairy desserts. Large beads might cause coarseness of texture in ice milk, whereas small beads did not provide sufficient protection of the bacteria.