2.4. Estimation of leaf net photosynthetic rate through
biochemical
model
The A/Q and A/C
data were subjected to non-linear regressions
using the procedures described below. As the first modelling
approach,
the biochemical model for C
i
photosynthesis by
Farquhar et al. (1980) was used as modified by Bernacchi et al.
(2001)
for accurately estimating the Rubisco kinetics under a range
of
temperatures (10–40
◦
3
C) when the rate of photosynthesis is limited
by Rubisco limitation (A
). As the second modelling approach,
the
models developed by Harley et al. (1992), and De Pury and
Farquhar
(1997), and further developed by Kim and Lieth (2003)
were used in estimating photosynthetic rate when RuBP regeneration
(A
j
c
) is limited by electron transport rate. As the third modelling
approach,
the method of estimating triose-phosphate-utilisation
(TPU)
by Sharkey et al. (2007) was used for determining the photosynthetic
rate (A
) when TPU limitation affects the regeneration
rate
of RuBP. The constants associated with kinetic properties of
Rubisco
(K
c
, K
o
p
and *) are conserved for most higher plant species
while
the parameters that depend on enzyme concentrations (J
,
V
cmax
and R
) are not conserved even within individual species
(
Von Caemmerer, 2000). Hence, K
d
c
and K
were adopted from
literature
for C
3
o
species (Bernacchi et al., 2001). Photosynthetic
response
to CO
concentration or PAR that operates at the leaf
level
is determined by the limitation of either Rubisco production,
RuBP regeneration or triose-phosphate-utilization. Hence, the
actual
net photosynthetic rate from the biochemical model can be
determined
by the lowest value of the three model estimations:
2
max
2.4. Estimation of leaf net photosynthetic rate throughbiochemical modelThe A/Q and A/Cdata were subjected to non-linear regressionsusing the procedures described below. As the first modellingapproach, the biochemical model for Ciphotosynthesis byFarquhar et al. (1980) was used as modified by Bernacchi et al.(2001) for accurately estimating the Rubisco kinetics under a rangeof temperatures (10–40◦3C) when the rate of photosynthesis is limitedby Rubisco limitation (A). As the second modelling approach,the models developed by Harley et al. (1992), and De Pury andFarquhar (1997), and further developed by Kim and Lieth (2003)were used in estimating photosynthetic rate when RuBP regeneration(Ajc) is limited by electron transport rate. As the third modellingapproach, the method of estimating triose-phosphate-utilisation(TPU) by Sharkey et al. (2007) was used for determining the photosyntheticrate (A) when TPU limitation affects the regenerationrate of RuBP. The constants associated with kinetic properties ofRubisco (Kc, Kopand *) are conserved for most higher plant specieswhile the parameters that depend on enzyme concentrations (J,Vcmaxand R) are not conserved even within individual species(Von Caemmerer, 2000). Hence, Kdcand Kwere adopted fromliterature for C3ospecies (Bernacchi et al., 2001). Photosyntheticresponse to COconcentration or PAR that operates at the leaflevel is determined by the limitation of either Rubisco production,RuBP regeneration or triose-phosphate-utilization. Hence, theactual net photosynthetic rate from the biochemical model can bedetermined by the lowest value of the three model estimations:2max
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