Almost three billion people rely on biomass stoves for their basic domestic needs such as cooking,
heating and lighting, leading to indoor air pollution (IAP) and health risks. Thermoelectric generators
collect wasted heat from biomass stoves and convert it to electricity to power a fan that pushes air into
the chamber, optimizing the fuel–air ratio, improving combustion efficiency and reducing harmful
emissions. Additionally, this generator could also provide the user with the ability to power a light or a
radio, charge a mobile phone, or meet other needs in the developing world. Although there is extensive
research related to thermoelectric generators, studies of stove-based thermoelectric generators are
scarce. The present review focused on studies that concern the properties of the thermoelectric
module, the cooling system of the thermoelectric module, and the charging system and battery. The
economic analysis of the stove-based thermoelectric generator based on the payback period is also
evaluated compared to the use of a “conventional” stove, solar panels and purchased batteries. The
stove-based thermoelectric generator is a promising approach for electric power generation and
pollution reduction