Promote recognition of bodily responses to stress and enhance the, physiological processes of relaxation
Music therapy techniques can be effectively employed to educate the individual regarding his or her own bodily responses to stress. Hanser (1987) successfully employed a music-based exercise programme designed to promote recognition, and eventual alleviation, of body tension. Participants became much more adept at identifying and recognizing their own tension responses. This ability to better identify one's own responses can ultimately enhance the ability to relax. As Scartelli & Borling (1986) point out, by bridging the gap between the conscious and normally unconscious activities of the body, individuals can develop a new understanding and increasing sense of control over their internal states.
To further facilitate the physiological processes of relaxation, music used in conjunction with biofeedback measures has also been shown to be effective. Scartelli (1984), in studying the effects of biofeedback and/or sedative music and biofeedback alone, found that it was subjects in biofeedback with music and music alone conditions who experienced significant decreases in frontalis muscle activity. Scartelli & Borling (1986), conducting a similar experiment, also found significant decreases in muscle tension at targeted sites. Davis & Thaut (1989) found physiological patterns that could actually be indicative of a variety of pleasant or unpleasant experiences. When participants reported that the experience was, subjectively relaxing and anxiety reducing, they speculated that the moderate increases in physiological arousal they observed simply accompanied the enjoyment of the music and thus facilitated feelings of reduced anxiety and increased relaxation.
Most researchers also agree on the importance of individual attitudes and preferences to ward music and its effectiveness in relaxation processes. While individual physiological responses to musical stimuli will likely vary, musical stimuli perceived by the individual as pleasant and relaxing may best enhance the physiological and psychological processes of relaxation (Davis & Thaut, 1989). At the same time, however, the client's preferred relaxation music may not elicit the best physiological response. In such a case, Saperston (1989) successfully modified a client's music preference to facilitate more relaxed responding. He observed that clients who initially achieved lower EMG levels with preferred 'stimulative' music, eventually attained considerably lower EMG levels with 'sedative' music
Promote recognition of bodily responses to stress and enhance the, physiological processes of relaxationMusic therapy techniques can be effectively employed to educate the individual regarding his or her own bodily responses to stress. Hanser (1987) successfully employed a music-based exercise programme designed to promote recognition, and eventual alleviation, of body tension. Participants became much more adept at identifying and recognizing their own tension responses. This ability to better identify one's own responses can ultimately enhance the ability to relax. As Scartelli & Borling (1986) point out, by bridging the gap between the conscious and normally unconscious activities of the body, individuals can develop a new understanding and increasing sense of control over their internal states.To further facilitate the physiological processes of relaxation, music used in conjunction with biofeedback measures has also been shown to be effective. Scartelli (1984), in studying the effects of biofeedback and/or sedative music and biofeedback alone, found that it was subjects in biofeedback with music and music alone conditions who experienced significant decreases in frontalis muscle activity. Scartelli & Borling (1986), conducting a similar experiment, also found significant decreases in muscle tension at targeted sites. Davis & Thaut (1989) found physiological patterns that could actually be indicative of a variety of pleasant or unpleasant experiences. When participants reported that the experience was, subjectively relaxing and anxiety reducing, they speculated that the moderate increases in physiological arousal they observed simply accompanied the enjoyment of the music and thus facilitated feelings of reduced anxiety and increased relaxation.Most researchers also agree on the importance of individual attitudes and preferences to ward music and its effectiveness in relaxation processes. While individual physiological responses to musical stimuli will likely vary, musical stimuli perceived by the individual as pleasant and relaxing may best enhance the physiological and psychological processes of relaxation (Davis & Thaut, 1989). At the same time, however, the client's preferred relaxation music may not elicit the best physiological response. In such a case, Saperston (1989) successfully modified a client's music preference to facilitate more relaxed responding. He observed that clients who initially achieved lower EMG levels with preferred 'stimulative' music, eventually attained considerably lower EMG levels with 'sedative' music
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