exercise–cognition studies by suggesting that lower-fit childrenhave more difficulty than more aerobically fit childrenin using executive control and relational memory processes.The behavioral methods used in this study do not permitdirect conclusions about the specific neural circuitry implicatedin the fitness-related findings, but neuroimaging investigationsare expected to show that lower-fit children areunable to fully engage prefrontal–hippocampal circuitry.The results add to the growing literature on the detrimentaleffects of low aerobic fitness levels and physical inactivity