Background
In 1963, the Royal Society [1] defined brain drain as the
migration of British scientists to the United States, with
the term being subsequently used more widely to
describe the migration of professionals and scholars
from developing to developed countries, seriously compromising
the economy of developing countries and
providing unfair technological advantages to developed
countries [2]. At the end of the 80s and beginning of the
90s, several studies regarding the mobility of scientists
radically modified the perspective of the loss of a highly