you should address who owns that data. (See
numbers 20 and 22 iii/m.)
Derived Data and Derivative Works
19. Defining Derived Dam: The recipient may
use the data to generate new information:
"derived data"ialso called “usage data" if cre»
ated by a cloud services vendor through moni»
toring a system. “‘Derived Data’ refers to:
(a) new information generated through analysis
and other processing of Customer Data; and
(b) information generated through monitoring
or other observation of Customer's and its end-
users' use of the System." Derived data often
will qualify as a derivative work of the licensor’s
original data (and to that extent, it’s addressed
in numbers 22 and 23 infra), but not neces»
sarily. Some definitions separate derivetl data
from derivative works: “Derived Data' refers
to new information generated through analysis
and other processing of Customer Data, pro»
vided the original Customer Data cannot be
identified, via reverse engineering or otherwise,
through analysis of such new information."
Finally, in some cases you may need multiple
categories of derived data, if the parties have
different ownership and use rights related to
different parts of the derived data. For instance,
the contract could define "Derived Data" per
subsection (a) in the example above and "Usage
Data" per subsection (b). You might need to
break up the derived data into any number of
other categories.
Ownership ofDerived Data: IP rights in derived
data may be complex and even self-contradictory,
since copyright, trade secret, and other sources of
rights may point to different owners. So the par»
ties generally should specify in the contract who
owns derived data. Often, cloud services vendors
will want to own derived data resulting from
observation of their customers' use of a service:
"usage data." That’s generally more palatable to
customers if no original customer data can be
gleaned from the derived data, and if the data’s
anonymized. Even in that case, though, the licen»
sor will need to own derived data if it's mixed into
the original data and the two datasets can’t be
separated. Also, keep in mind that, in the weird
world of data ownership, confidential’ y rights
can create or stand in for ownership rights. So
if a confidentiality clause protects derived data,
think through whose Confidential Information it
is. In general, confidentiality rigth should go to
20.
2
22.
t.
the party that “owns” the data. (For more on data
confidentiality, see numbers 24 and 25 infra.)
. License Back ofRecipient-Owned Derived Data:
Whoever owns derived data, the other party
should consider getting a license back, such as
the data licenses in numbers 3 and 4 supra.
Ownership of Derivative Works: In big data,
a "derivative work" is a modified version of the
data, with new data added or data removed. it
might include derived data. If the recipient can
create derivative works, the contract needs to say
who owns them. If it says nothing, the recipient
owns information it added to the data, while the
licensor owns the otiginalgcreating a hard-to-
manage joint ownership situation. Joint owner-
ship gets even more complicated if the recipient
deletes data but adds nothing new. It still might
have some sort of compilation rights under copy-
right, but the licensor owns the data too. So don’t
leave ownership and control to the underlying
law. Specify who owns what and who can do
what with derivative works.
23. License Back of Derivative Works: Whoever
owns derivative works, the other party may need
a license to exploit them, such as the data licenses
discussed in numbers 3 and 4 Supra.
Confidentiality, Security, and
Compliance
24. Confidentiality in General: This almost goes
25.
without saying, but if you're the licensor, say
it: “Recipient shall not disclose the Data or any
part of it to any third party except as specifically
authorized by this Agreement." You also should
consider a full confidentiality clause to pro-
tect the data~a nondisclosure agreement (NDA)
incorporated into the contract. But keep in mind
that classic NDA's were created to protect con-
fidential documents and oral disclosures, and
many of their terms fit databases and electronic
data loosely at best. So don't rely solely on NDA/
confidentiality terms; add data security terms
(discussed in number 26 infi‘a). Think through
provisions of the typical NBA/confidentiality
clause that might not fit well. In particular, does
confidentiality last only for a set period? That's
generally a bad idea for trade secrets and private
information, both of which should remain con-
fidential so long as they’re sensitive (forever, in
many cases).
Confidentiality and Ownershi : Trade secrets
law may consider the "discloser" of confiden-
tial informationithe party that can enforce
you should address who owns that data. (Seenumbers 20 and 22 iii/m.)Derived Data and Derivative Works19. Defining Derived Dam: The recipient mayuse the data to generate new information:"derived data"ialso called “usage data" if cre»ated by a cloud services vendor through moni»toring a system. “‘Derived Data’ refers to:(a) new information generated through analysisand other processing of Customer Data; and(b) information generated through monitoringor other observation of Customer's and its end-users' use of the System." Derived data oftenwill qualify as a derivative work of the licensor’soriginal data (and to that extent, it’s addressedin numbers 22 and 23 infra), but not neces»sarily. Some definitions separate derivetl datafrom derivative works: “Derived Data' refersto new information generated through analysisand other processing of Customer Data, pro»vided the original Customer Data cannot beidentified, via reverse engineering or otherwise,through analysis of such new information."Finally, in some cases you may need multiplecategories of derived data, if the parties havedifferent ownership and use rights related todifferent parts of the derived data. For instance,the contract could define "Derived Data" persubsection (a) in the example above and "UsageData" per subsection (b). You might need tobreak up the derived data into any number ofother categories.Ownership ofDerived Data: IP rights in derivedข้อมูลอาจจะซับซ้อน และแม้ self-contradictoryตั้งแต่ลิขสิทธิ์ ความลับทางการค้า และแหล่งอื่น ๆสิทธิอาจชี้เจ้าของแตกต่างกัน ดังนั้นการตรา»ความสัมพันธ์โดยทั่วไปควรระบุในสัญญาที่เป็นเจ้าของข้อมูล ผู้ขายบริการเมฆมักจะจะต้องได้รับข้อมูลที่เกิดจากสังเกตลูกค้าใช้บริการ:"ข้อมูลการใช้งาน" โดยทั่วไปน้อยลงไปเท่านั้นลูกค้าถ้าไม่มีข้อมูลลูกค้าเดิมได้เก็บตกมาจากข้อมูลได้รับ และข้อมูลลับ แม้ในกรณีที่ แม้ว่า การ licen »ซอจะต้องได้รับข้อมูลถ้ามีผสมลงในข้อมูลเดิมและชุดข้อมูลสองชุดไม่แยก นอกจากนี้ โปรดจำไว้ว่า แปลกโลกของเจ้าของข้อมูล ความลับ ' สิทธิ yสามารถสร้าง หรือยืนในสิทธิความเป็นเจ้าของ ดังนั้นถ้าข้อความลับปกป้องข้อมูลคิดว่า ข้อมูลเป็นความลับได้ ทั่วไป ความลับ rigth ควรรับไป20222tพรรคที่ "เป็นเจ้าของ" ข้อมูล (สำหรับข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับความลับ เห็นเลข 24 และ 25 อินฟา). ใบอนุญาตกลับ ofRecipient เป็นเจ้าของได้รับมาข้อมูล:ใครเป็นเจ้าของได้มาข้อมูล บุคคลอื่นควรได้รับใบอนุญาตกลับ เช่นลิขสิทธิ์ข้อมูลในหมายเลข 3 และ 4 supraเจ้าของผลงาน: ในข้อมูลขนาดใหญ่"งานพัฒนา" เป็นรุ่นปรับเปลี่ยนการข้อมูล เพิ่มข้อมูลใหม่หรือข้อมูลออก มันอาจรวมถึงข้อมูล ถ้าผู้รับได้สร้างผลงาน สัญญาต้องการว่าwho owns them. If it says nothing, the recipientowns information it added to the data, while thelicensor owns the otiginalgcreating a hard-to-manage joint ownership situation. Joint owner-ship gets even more complicated if the recipientdeletes data but adds nothing new. It still mighthave some sort of compilation rights under copy-right, but the licensor owns the data too. So don’tleave ownership and control to the underlyinglaw. Specify who owns what and who can dowhat with derivative works.23. License Back of Derivative Works: Whoeverowns derivative works, the other party may needa license to exploit them, such as the data licensesdiscussed in numbers 3 and 4 Supra.Confidentiality, Security, andCompliance24. Confidentiality in General: This almost goes25.without saying, but if you're the licensor, sayit: “Recipient shall not disclose the Data or anypart of it to any third party except as specificallyauthorized by this Agreement." You also shouldconsider a full confidentiality clause to pro-tect the data~a nondisclosure agreement (NDA)incorporated into the contract. But keep in mindthat classic NDA's were created to protect con-fidential documents and oral disclosures, andmany of their terms fit databases and electronicdata loosely at best. So don't rely solely on NDA/confidentiality terms; add data security terms(discussed in number 26 infi‘a). Think throughprovisions of the typical NBA/confidentialityข้อที่อาจไม่เหมาะสมกันดี โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่ง ไม่confidentiality ครั้งสุดท้ายสำหรับรอบระยะเวลาที่กำหนดหรือไม่ นั่นก็คือโดยทั่วไปความคิดดีสำหรับความลับทางการค้าและส่วนตัวข้อมูล ซึ่งทั้งสองจะยังคงคอน-fidential ยาวก็สำคัญ (ตลอดกาล ในหลายกรณี)Confidentiality และ Ownershi: ความลับทางการค้ากฎหมายอาจพิจารณา "การเปิดเผย" ของ confiden-บริษัท tial informationithe ที่สามารถบังคับใช้
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