This is an attempt to explain:
1. Cardinality
2. Weak entity
CARDINALITY: (I am using the examples from Text pp. 207)
The Tiny College Example:
1. A professor is not required at all times to teach classes and one professor can teach up to three classes.
i.e., the professor can teach 0,1,2,3 classes
2. A Class can have only one professor and there must be at least one professor for a class to be held
i.e., the class must have 1 and only 1 professor
The above is represented in the following way (see figure1.1):