Finally, we explored the cost to organizations of individuals’ engaging in personal activities on the job. Specifically, for each individual, we multiplied the extent to which he or she engaged in these behaviors by reported salary to find a yearly cost. Calculating the mean across participants suggested that, on average, our sample’s engagement in personal activities on the job costs organizations $8,875 per person per year (SD ! $7,059). It is important to note, however, that we chose to use the lower number indicated in each individual’s salary range as his or her annual salary. Therefore, the average of $8,875 per person per year due to nonwork-related presenteeism is a conservative estimate of cost to business.