The second amendment of the 1945 Constitution, enacted in 2000, guarantees freedom of
expression, thought, conscience and religion.13 These rights are also protected in Law No.
39/1999 on Human Rights.14 Furthermore, freedom of thought, conscience and religion are
recognized as non-derogable rights in Article 28I(1) of the 1945 constitution and Article 4 of
Law No. 39/1999. However, these legal guarantees are subject to more, and more broadly
interpreted, limitations than those permissible under international human rights law and
standards, particularly the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR).
Article 28J(2) of the second amendment to the 1945 Constitution and Article 23(2) of Law
No. 39/1999 on Human Rights stipulate that freedom of expression, thought, conscience
and religion can be limited by other considerations established by law, including morality,