The critical chloride concentrations for toxicity in plants have been estimated to be 0.1–0.2 mmol g−1 dw (4–7 mg g−1 dw) and 0.4–1.4 mmol g−1 dw (15–50 mg g−1 dw) for sensitive and tolerant species, respectively (Xu et al., 2000). Although rice is relatively tolerant to chloride (Xu et al., 2000), yet high chloride concentrations can inhibit its growth.