Deep fat frying procedure
The experiments were conducted at the frying temperatures of 200, 220 and 240 C and frying time in the range of 20–140 s. A 50 g batch of rice crackers was fried in 6 L of hydrogenated palm olein oil.
After frying, the rice crackers were placed in the spinning unit of the vacuum fryer (ONV-15, Owner Foods Machinery Crop., Thailand), and were spun at 500 rpm for 30 s under atmospheric pressure.
The fried rice crackers were packed in aluminum foil bags and stored in the refrigerated temperature at 4 C prior to analysis of physico-chemical properties.