Gas cleaning for tar and particle removal is necessary for internal combustion (IC) engine applications of
producer gas from ®xed bed biomass gasi®ers which are usually in the capacity range from 100 kW up to 5000 kW.
In the present investigation, tar and particle collection eciencies have been determined in a sand bed ®lter, a wash
tower, two dierent fabric ®lters, and a rotational particle separator (RPS) in dierent test runs with ®xed bed
gasi®ers. Tar adsorption on coke has been investigated in a ®xed bed batch reactor. Furthermore data from
literature for catalytic tar crackers, venturi scrubbers, a rotational atomizer, and a wet electrostatic precipitator
(ESP) are given. Based on the presented gas cleaning eciencies and the investment cost, an assessment of gas
cleaning systems is made for IC engine applications from cocurrent gasi®ers. The results show that the postulated
gas quality requirements for IC engines cannot be safely achieved with state-of-the-art gas cleaning techniques and
that 90% particle removal is easier to achieve than 90% tar removal. Except for the catalytic tar crackers which are
considered as an option for applications above several MW and for gases with a high tar level, none of the
investigated gas cleaning systems can securely meet a tar reduction exceeding 90%. Therefore one of the key issues
for a successful application of biomass derived producer gas from small scale gasi®ers is the tar removal, where
further development is needed. # 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Gas cleaning for tar and particle removal is necessary for internal combustion (IC) engine applications ofproducer gas from ®xed bed biomass gasi®ers which are usually in the capacity range from 100 kW up to 5000 kW.In the present investigation, tar and particle collection eciencies have been determined in a sand bed ®lter, a washtower, two dierent fabric ®lters, and a rotational particle separator (RPS) in dierent test runs with ®xed bedgasi®ers. Tar adsorption on coke has been investigated in a ®xed bed batch reactor. Furthermore data fromliterature for catalytic tar crackers, venturi scrubbers, a rotational atomizer, and a wet electrostatic precipitator(ESP) are given. Based on the presented gas cleaning eciencies and the investment cost, an assessment of gascleaning systems is made for IC engine applications from cocurrent gasi®ers. The results show that the postulatedgas quality requirements for IC engines cannot be safely achieved with state-of-the-art gas cleaning techniques andthat 90% particle removal is easier to achieve than 90% tar removal. Except for the catalytic tar crackers which areconsidered as an option for applications above several MW and for gases with a high tar level, none of theinvestigated gas cleaning systems can securely meet a tar reduction exceeding 90%. Therefore one of the key issuesfor a successful application of biomass derived producer gas from small scale gasi®ers is the tar removal, wherefurther development is needed. # 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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