By the lemma, there exists a cycle of length m such that m (j – i) and m (2n + 1 ). But 2n + 1 is odd, so m is odd. Since m ≤ j – i < 2n + 1, α1 must consist of an odd number (greater than 1 ) of subcycles of odd length. In each subcycle, the number of 1s would be at least one more then the number of 0s, or vice versa. Hence α1 itself would contain at least two more of one digit than the other. But this cannot happen, since α contains the same number of each digit. This is contradiction and it proves the result.
By the lemma, there exists a cycle of length m such that m (j – i) and m (2n + 1 ). But 2n + 1 is odd, so m is odd. Since m ≤ j – i < 2n + 1, α1 must consist of an odd number (greater than 1 ) of subcycles of odd length. In each subcycle, the number of 1s would be at least one more then the number of 0s, or vice versa. Hence α1 itself would contain at least two more of one digit than the other. But this cannot happen, since α contains the same number of each digit. This is contradiction and it proves the result.
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