Launched in 2003 with three hospitals, TCAB is a national program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) and the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI). Its goal was to engage front-line staff and hospital leadership to make improvement in four domains: improving the quality and safety of care; ensuring a high-quality work environment to attract and retain nurses; improving the experience of care for patients and their families; and improving the effectiveness of the entire care team. In 2004, ten additional hospitals joined a two-year TCAB learning and innovation collaborative. By 2006, additional participation criteria were in place, such as partnering with schools of nursing, and ten of the thirteen hospitals opted to continue in the collaborative for two more years.