Nonetheless, the implementation of just-in-time-based systems can yield overall emissions comparable to product postponement and Vendor Managed Inventory practices when incorporating further details from contemporary supply chain operations. Consequently, JIT can be lean when implemented under some operational conditions found in supply chain practice. Although capabilities improvement and flexibility development might slightly increase infrastructural emissions, total supply chain emissions significantly decrease compounding the benefits of an integrated supply chain at the retailing level. These compo- site and eclectic operations tend to converge to 590 MT CO2e per year, well below the baseline scenario, while potentially improving customer service levels due to closer product decoupling points as well as timely product availability.