In table I below, we show the effects of garbage collection
(GC) and ICF on all ELF files in the /system directory of
Android
R Open Source Project version 4.0.1 configured for
the full eng target. We measured file sizes and instruction
sizes in bytes. The latter were approximated by using the size
command on Linux
R to count total sizes of .text sections in
files. We measured two ICF modes. In the safe mode, ICF
only removes duplicated code if it is safe to do so. In the all
mode, ICF removes all duplicated code even if it may break
pointer comparisons. Google uses garbage collection and safe
ICF on its mobile platforms.