Pulp and paper industry primary sludge being largely composed of lignocellulosic fibres, it
could be used as carbon source by bacteria having cellulolytic capability. The aim of this
study was to evaluate the use of cellulose contained in this type of sludge for Clostridium
thermocellum to produce ethanol, hydrogen and cellulases. In an ATCC 1191 medium containing
5 kg m3 dry primary sludge from recycled paper mill, batch culture reached stationary
phase after 2 days.