So temperature dynamics are affected by multiple lags, which vary with the load; in addition, transducers for steam temperature are generally affected by a small (a few seconds) and a larger (some tens of seconds) time lag due to the thermal inertia of the cylinder where the sensor is placed. Of course, multiple lags are in the loop when AT, x acts as a control variable. This is the case, when desuperheating spray is used (see Fig. 7; refer to the superheating section). Since the attemperator has a very small volume, storages in it are negligible and
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