All the 33
strategy items gauged students’ reports of the use of CSs and assessed the perceived
usefulness of CSs. Students reported their use of each strategy on a scale from
‘never’(1) to ‘most often’ (5) and rated the usefulness of each strategy from ‘not
useful’ (1) to ‘most useful’ (5) (see Appendix A). The data obtained from the
questionnaire were then analysed using descriptive statistical procedures as well as ttests
to examine whether significant differences existed between pre- and post-CS
mean ratings with respect to reported CS use and usefulness.