The analysis of translocal rural spaces, however, is not limited to areas of the so called Global
South. The contributions in a recently published volume on “TranslocalRuralism” byHedberg
and do Carmo (2012b) are concerned with translocal phenomena in Europe. The editors direct
attention to various forms of migration (internal and international) and mobility (e.g. daily
commuting) in order to demonstrate that geographically peripheral regions of Europe are
engaged in a constant process of functional reconfiguration. Here, translocal approaches are
applied to challenge notions of stagnation and isolation often associated with rural spaces
(Do Carmo and Santos 2012; Guran-Nica and Sofer 2012; Papadopoulos 2012; Rau 2012).
Translocal social spaces are, however, not only produced by refugees (Stenbacka 2012)
and (labour) migrants (Papadopoulos 2012) but also by musicians (Ma 2002), communities of
ballroom dancers (Marion 2005) and amateur football players (Steinbrink 2010), amongst others.